中学科学教师对科学精神的理解及其机制:以青少年高校科学营中的科学教师为例

Middle School Science Teachers' Understanding of the Spirits of Science and its Mechanism: A Case Study of Science Teachers from the Youth College Science Camp

摘要:

以参加2020年青少年高校科学营的592名中学科学教师为研究对象,采用问卷调查的方法,研究考察了科学教师对于科学精神的理解,以及科学传播活动对科学精神理解的作用。结果显示,中学科学教师更认同包括求实精神和探索精神在内的认识层次的科学精神,以及包括怀疑精神、创新精神在内的功能层次的科学精神。而对于与科研人员行为相关的人文层次的科学精神,如团队精神、平权精神、宽容精神,科学教师的认同程度较低。此外,科学传播活动能够影响科学教师对科学精神的理解,通过参加专家讲座、报告、参观,以及动手实践等活动以降低科学精神的抽象性是教师对科学精神理解的影响机制。最后,讨论了科研人员作为科学精神的载体,在传播过程中的不可替代性,并提出了加深或改变科学教师理解科学精神的可能的方向与路径。

Abstract:

Taking 592 middle school science teachers from Youth College Science Camp in 2020 as the research objects, questionnaire survey method is used to examine science teachers' understanding of the spirits of science, and what effect does science communication play on the understanding of the spirit of science. The result shows that spirits of cognitive level which including the spirits of seeking truth and exploration, as well as spirits of functional level, including skepticism and innovation, are more likely to be recognized by science teachers. As for spirits related to the behavior of scientific researchers, which is humanist level, such as team spirit, equal rights spirit, and tolerance spirit, science teachers have a low degree of recognition. Besides, science teachers' understanding of the spirits of science can be influenced by the mechanism of reducing the level of abstraction in the forms of taking participating in lectures and reports from experts, hands-on involvements and on-line tour. Finally, this research discusses the irreplaceability of scientific researches as the carrier of scientific spirits in the process of communicating the spirits of science, and proposes possible directions and paths to deepen or change the understanding of science teachers.