科学纪录片《与恐龙同行》的叙事与传播技巧

Narrative and Communication Techniques in Science Documentary “Walking with Dinosaurs”

摘要:

科学纪录片是一种广受公众欢迎的科学传播载体。本文基于叙事学理论，以BBC史前系列科学纪录片《与恐龙同行》为研究对象，从叙事结构、听觉叙事语言、视觉叙事语言等方面入手，分析了该系列使用的科学传播技巧。研究发现，《与恐龙同行》在听觉叙事和视觉叙事效果的双重作用下，从解说、音乐到自然音效，从丰富的镜头语言到电脑动画技术呈现的视觉奇观为观众逼真地重现了恐龙生活的世界。该系列纪录片主要使用了以下三种传播技巧：(1) 对内容进行简化；(2) 使用“讲故事”、戏剧化的叙事手法；(3) 使用模型、CGI等技术进行可视化。这些传播技巧的综合运用，使该系列纪录片实现了科学和大众想象的结合、科学和娱乐的结合，增强了其科学传播效果。

Abstract:

Science documentary is a kind of popular science communication means. Based on the narration theory, this paper takes the BBC prehistoric science documentary series “Walking with Dinosaurs” as the research object, and analyzes the narrative structure, auditory and visual narrative language, and the science communication techniques used in the series. This paper finds that under influence of the auditory and visual narrative language, from interpretation, music to natural sound effects, from the rich camera language to the spectacle made by the computer animation, the series offer viewers a realistic representation of the world in which the dinosaurs lived. The series uses three techniques: (1) to simplify the content; (2) to use “story-telling” and dramatic narrative; and (3) to use models, CGI and other technologies for visualization. The combination of these communication techniques makes the series realize the combination of science and popular imagination, science and entertainment, and enhances its science communication effect.