Abstract:Popular science short video is a new carrier of science communication, which brings new imagination and many challenges at the same time. For a long time, medical science popularization has ranked first in the demand for science popularization among Chinese citizens. Therefore, this paper takes medical science popularization short videos as the research object, selects 45 medical science popularization accounts with more than millions of certified followers, high frequency and top search ranking in Tiktok platform, analyzes its content production characteristics and problems, explores innovative measures for content production based on dialogue theory at four levels: dialogue premise, dialogue skill, dialogue form and dialogue rationality. It is found that four major problems, including insufficient academic integration, insufficient operational thinking, insufficient cooperation awareness and insufficient value orientation, generally exist at the content production level of short medical science videos. In response, this paper provides producers with strategic suggestions for innovative production: information disclosure, balanced attributes, cross-border cooperation, functional exploration, and dissemination of spiritual concepts, in order to enhance the output capacity of high-quality medical science content.