科学核心素养导向下人工智能对科学教育的赋能与挑战

Empowerment and Challenge of Artificial Intelligence to Science Education Under the Guidance of Science Core Literacy

摘要:

在人工智能（Artificial Intelligence, AI）时代，AI在教育中的应用可以从教育过程的教、学、评三个核心要素来分析，可分为融入教师教学过程的AI技术、助力学生高效学习的AI技术以及为教学提供更加准确、公平的AI评估技术。AI技术及其对社会的影响等新元素融入科学课程之中并赋能科学教育，则体现在科学观念、科学思维、探究实践、态度责任四个核心素养的培养层面，AI的各种技术为提升学生的科学核心素养提供了新手段、新资源以及新机会。然而，AI的使用对科学教育的挑战也日益突出。一是在创新科学教育教学方式的同时可能会产生负面的教学结果，特别是在培养学生的批判性思维、科学态度与社会责任等方面将面临更大的挑战。二是在教学评价中，需要平衡科学教育评价的有效性、可靠性和公平性，并避免进入一种新的“应试教育”。可见，如何让AI对科学教育赋“正能”而避免“负能”，是科学课程教师在科学教育实践中面临的新问题。

Abstract:

In the era of Artificial Intelligence (AI), the application of AI in education can be analyzed from the three core elements of teaching, learning and assessment of the education process, which can be divided into AI technology integrated into the teaching process of the teacher, AI technology to help students learn efficiently, and AI assessment technology to provide a more accurate and fairer teaching. new elements such as the relevant technology of AI and its impact on the society are incorporated into the science curriculum and empower science education, which is reflected in the four core qualities of scientific concepts, scientific thinking, inquiry and practice, attitude and responsibility. The integration of new elements such as AI-related technologies and their impact on society into science curricula and empowering science education is reflected in the development of the four core literacies of scientific concepts, scientific thinking, inquiry and practice, and attitudes and responsibilities, and the various technologies of AI have provided new means, new resources, and new opportunities for enhancing students' core literacies in science. However, the challenges of the use of AI for science education are also becoming increasingly prominent. Firstly, it may produce negative teaching results while innovating the teaching methods of science education, especially in the cultivation of students' critical thinking, scientific attitude and social responsibility. It will face greater challenges. Secondly, in teaching evaluation, how to balance the validity, reliability and fairness of science education evaluation, and avoid entering a new “test-oriented education”. It can be seen that how to make AI empower science education with “positive energy” and avoid “negative energy” is a new problem that science teachers will face in the practice of science education.