浅议如何构筑中国自主知识体系的科学教育新模式:从借鉴“他山之石”到实现“自成一格”

How to Build a New Model of Science Education Based on China’s Own Knowledge System: From Learning from “advice from others” to Realizing “unique style”

摘要:

20世纪后半期，国外发达国家的科学教育工作已经较为成熟，形成了较为完备的体系。中国的科学教育起源于清末，改革开放以来，逐渐吸收了发达国家的各种做法，正在蓬勃发展。目前，中国科学教育的发展有赖于高科技发展带来的助力效应，科幻小说成功带来的眼球效应，以及经济迅猛发展和社会教育水平提升带来的时代机遇等。但我国的科学教育发展现状也存在着科学教育与应试教育之间的矛盾，以及优秀人才缺乏的现实问题。本文从打造符合中国国情和文化历史的科学教育模式、解决前沿化和贴近化的平衡性问题、构建高科技与教育之间的快速“转化”通道、科学教育如何与应试教育共存等角度进行探讨，针对如何构筑中国自主知识体系的科学教育新模式提出了一些具有可操作性的建议和思考。

Abstract:

The work of science education in developed countries is relatively mature and has formed a relatively complete system. China’s science education originated in the late Qing Dynasty. Since the reform and opening up, today, science education is developing vigorously in China. At present, the advantages of the development of science education in China include the booster effect brought by the development of high-tech, the eyeball effect brought by the success of science fiction, and the opportunities brought by the rapid economic development and the improvement of social education level. But there are also contradictions between science education and exam-oriented education, as well as the shortage of outstanding talents. How to build a new model of scientific education in China’s independent knowledge System? This paper discussed how to build a science education model in line with China’s national conditions, culture and history, solve the problem of balance between cutting-edge and close, build a rapid “transformation” channel between high-tech and education, and how to coexist between science education and exam-oriented education, and put forward some operable suggestions and reflections.