对苏教版小学科学教科书中插图的分析和启示

Analysis and Enlightenment of Illustrations in the Primary School Science Textbooks in the Jiangsu Education Edition

摘要:

插图是教科书中教学内容呈现的重要部分，是信息传递的重要方式，对于教师和学生具有特殊意义。本文从插图的数量统计、插图呈现方式、教科书不同栏目内容呈现和插图功能四个方面，对江苏凤凰教育出版社的义务教育小学科学一~六年级（2017~2019年版）教科书中的插图进行深入统计和分析，发现教科书在插图数量篇幅的设计方面呈现合理，插图呈现方式以照片为主，插图的呈现内容以交流和动手居多，插图呈现的功能以解释为主等。基于以上发现，与其他学科中的相关研究进行比较和讨论，得出教科书插图是创设“真”情境的重要素材、灵活运用不同形式的插图、对教科书上的插图进行二次化处理、让教科书上的插图“动”起来这四项启示和建议。

Abstract:

Illustration is an important part of teaching content presentation in textbooks and an important way of information transmission, which has special significance for teachers and students. This study conducted in-depth statistics and analysis of illustrations in textbooks for grades 1~6 of Primary Science (2017—2019 edition) of compulsory education of Jiangsu Phoenix Education Press from four aspects: quantity statistics of illustrations, presentation of illustrations, content presentation of different sections of textbooks and illustration functions. It was found that the design of the textbook was reasonable in the number and length of illustrations, the presentation of illustrations was dominated by photos, the presentation content of illustrations was mostly communication and hands-on, and the function of illustration presentation was mainly explanation. Based on the above findings, this paper compared and discussed with the relevant researches in other disciplines, and drawed four enlightenments and suggestions: textbook illustrations were important materials for creating “true” situations, flexible use of different forms of illustrations, secondary processing of textbook illustrations, teachers should flexibly use illustrations in different presentation ways, and made textbook illustrations “move”.